The solubility of Group 2 hydroxides increases down the group, while the solubility of Group 2 sulfates decreases. To what extent can these opposing solubility trends be explained by the subtle interplay between their lattice enthalpies (ΔHLE) and the hydration enthalpies (ΔHhyd) of their constituent ions?

Chemguide: Group 2 Solubility Chem LibreTexts: The Solution Process Solubility Rules (PDF) Avogadro: Solubility Product A-Level Chemistry: Born-Haber Cycles

Investigate the role of fluorine in medicinal chemistry. How do the unique and extreme periodic properties of the fluorine atom (e.g., high electronegativity, small atomic radius, and the strength of the C-F bond) influence the pharmacokinetic (e.g., metabolic stability) and pharmacodynamic (e.g., binding affinity) profiles of modern pharmaceuticals?

Chemistry World: The Rise of Fluorine NCBI: Fluorine in Medicinal Chemistry Organic Chemistry: Fluorine Chem LibreTexts: Electronegativity PharmaFactz: Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics

Olympiad Questions

2013 – Question 3

Questions Answers